When packing a product, we look into different factors before packing it thus the type of packaging for the product differs. In addition, for different product, the type of packaging would also differ. For example when looking into how the product will be moved and handled in the supply chain, we would think of a type of packaging for shipping purpose so that during the transportation, the product will be protected. However if the product is to be distributed locally, a shipping type of packaging would not be feasible thus there will be another type of packaging solely for distribution purpose.
While in packaging, it is sometimes categorized by Primary packaging, Secondary packaging and sometimes Tertiary packaging.
· Primary packaging is the material that first envelops the product and holds it. This usually is the smallest unit of distribution or use and is the package which is in direct contact with the contents.
· Secondary packaging is outside the primary packaging which may also be used to group primary packages together. An example would be a carton box containing 10 boxes of chocolates. In this case, the carton box would be the Secondary packaging.
· Tertiary packaging is used for bulk handling, warehouse storage and transport shipping. The normal form is a palletized unit load that packs tightly into containers.
In Logistical Packaging units, there are 3 types:
1) Unit load - Products are packed into individual packing (example a can of pineapples). Afterwhich it is being packed inside a fibreboard cartons and load onto a pallet. A pallet full of cartons is called a unit load.
2) Unitisation (or also considered Palletisation) - It is the process of grouping and packing the cartons into a pallet load.
3) Containerisation - This is the process of having all the full pallet loads put into a container in which the container can be on a trailer or railcar.
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